Detailed explanation of stamping die materials and heat treatment process

Among all mold failure factors, mold materials and heat treatment account for about 70%, which are the main factors affecting mold life. Therefore, in the entire design and manufacturing process of the mold, the selection of mold materials and the proper heat treatment process are particularly important.

The requirements of the material of the working parts of the stamping die. When the stamping die is working, it must bear the load of impact, vibration, friction, high pressure, stretching, bending and torsion, and even work at a higher temperature (such as cold extrusion), working conditions Complex, prone to wear, fatigue, fracture, deformation and other phenomena. Therefore, the requirements for the materials of mold working parts are higher than that of ordinary parts.

Due to the different working conditions of various stamping dies, the requirements for the materials of the working parts of the die are also different.

1. Requirements for the material of the blanking die

The material used for the working parts of the thin plate blanking die requires high wear resistance and hardness, and the thick plate blanking die requires high wear resistance and compression yield point, in order to prevent the die from breaking or collapsing. The blade also has high fracture resistance, high bending strength and toughness. (Guide: The main problems in the processing of high-strength fastener products)

2. Requirements for drawing die materials

It is required that the material of the mold working parts have good anti-adhesion (anti-seizure), high wear resistance and hardness, certain strength and toughness, and good cutting performance, and the deformation during heat treatment should be small.

3. Requirements for cold extrusion die materials

The working parts of the mold are required to have high strength, hardness, and high wear resistance. In order to avoid impact breaking, a certain degree of toughness is also required. Due to the large temperature rise during extrusion, it also has a certain degree of thermal fatigue resistance and thermal hardness.

Types and characteristics of stamping die materials

Materials for stamping dies include steel, cemented carbide, steel-bonded cemented carbide, zinc-based alloy, low melting point alloy, aluminum bronze, polymer materials and so on. At present, most of the materials used to make stamping dies are steel. The commonly used types of die working parts are: carbon tool steel, low-alloy tool steel, high-carbon high-chromium or medium-chromium tool steel, medium-carbon alloy steel, high-speed Steel, base steel, cemented carbide, steel bonded cemented carbide, etc.

1. Carbon tool steel

Many carbon tool steels in the mold are T8A, T10A, etc., which have the advantages of good processing performance and low price. But the hardenability and red hardness are poor, the heat treatment deformation is large, and the bearing capacity is low.

2. Low alloy tool steel

Low-alloy tool steel is based on carbon tool steel with an appropriate amount of alloying elements added. Compared with carbon tool steel, it reduces quenching deformation and cracking tendency, improves the hardenability of steel, and has better wear resistance. The low-alloy steels used to make molds include CrWMn, 9Mn2V, 7CrSiMnMoV (code CH-1), and 6CrNiSiMnMoV.

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