Forgings in various industries

Forging

Forgings are objects in which metal is subjected to pressure to shape the required shape or suitable compression force through plastic deformation. This force is typically achieved through the use of a hammer or pressure. The casting process creates a fine grain structure and improves the physical properties of the metal. In the actual use of parts, a correct design can make the particles flow in the direction of the main pressure.

Forgings need to be consistent in each piece, without any porosity, extra space, inclusions or other defects. The components produced by this method have a high ratio of strength to weight. These elements are commonly used in aircraft structures.

The advantages of forgings include stretchable length and shrinkable cross section; shrinkable length and stretchable cross section; changeable length and changeable cross section. The types of forgings are: free forging/hand forging, hot die forging/precision forging, upsetting, roll forging and die forging.

Aircraft Forgings

Calculated by weight, about 85% of the components on the aircraft are forgings. Aircraft engine turbine discs, rear journals (hollow shafts), blades, wing spars, fuselage ribs, wheel brackets, and inner and outer cylinders of landing gear are all important forgings related to aircraft safety. Aircraft forgings are mostly made of high-strength wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, nickel-based alloys and other precious materials. In order to save materials and energy, most aircraft forgings are produced by die forging or multi-directional die forging presses. According to the weight of automobile forging, there are 71.9% of forgings on automobiles. A general automobile is composed of 15 components such as the body, the box, the engine, the front axle, the rear axle, the frame, the transmission, the transmission shaft, and the steering system. The characteristics of automobile forgings are complex appearance, light weight, poor working conditions, and safety. High standard. For example, the crankshafts, connecting rods, camshafts used in automobile engines, front beams required by the front axle, steering knuckles, half shafts used in the rear axle, half shaft sleeves, transmission gears in the axle box, etc., are all related Security key forgings for the safe operation of automobiles.

Diesel engine forgings

Diesel engine is a kind of power machinery, it is often used as engine. Taking a large diesel engine as an example, the forgings used include cylinder head, main journal, crankshaft end flange, output end shaft, connecting rod, piston rod, piston head, crosshead pin shaft, crankshaft transmission gear, ring gear, intermediate gear and oil dye pump More than ten kinds of body and so on.

Marine forgings

Marine forgings are divided into three categories, main engine forgings, shafting forgings and rudder forgings. The main engine forgings are the same as the diesel engine forgings. Shafting forgings include thrust shafts, intermediate shafts and stern shafts. Rudder forgings include rudder stock, rudder post, rudder pin, etc.

Weapon Forgings

Forgings occupies an extremely important position in the weapons industry. By weight, 60% of the tanks are forgings. The barrels, muzzle brakes and sterns in artillery, rifled barrels and triangular bayonet in infantry weapons, rockets and submarine depth bomb launchers and fixed seats, stainless steel valve bodies for nuclear submarine high pressure coolers, artillery shells, Guns and bullets are all forged products. In addition to steel forgings, other materials are also used to make weapons.

Petrochemical Forgings

Forgings are widely used in petrochemical equipment. Such as manholes and flanges of spherical storage tanks, various tube plates required for heat exchangers, butt-welded flanges for the whole forged cylinder (pressure vessel) of catalytic cracking reactors, cylinder sections used in hydrogenation reactors, and fertilizers The top cover, bottom cover, head, etc. required by the equipment are all forgings.

Mine Forgings

Calculated by equipment weight, the proportion of forgings in mining equipment is 12-24%. Mine equipment includes: mining equipment, hoisting equipment, crushing equipment, grinding equipment, washing equipment, sintering equipment.

Nuclear Power Forgings

Nuclear power is divided into two types: pressurized water reactor and boiling water reactor. The main large forgings of nuclear power plants can be divided into two categories: pressure shell and reactor internals. The pressure shell includes: cylinder flange, nozzle section, nozzle, upper cylinder, lower cylinder, cylinder transition section, bolts, etc. The internal components of the reactor work under severe conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, strong neutron radiation, boric acid water corrosion, scouring and hydraulic vibration, so 18-8 austenitic stainless steel should be used for production.

thermal power forgings

There are four key forgings in thermal power generation equipment, namely the rotor and guard ring of the steam turbine generator, and the impeller and the steam turbine rotor in the steam turbine.

Hydropower forgings

The important forgings in the equipment of hydroelectric power station include hydraulic turbine shaft, hydraulic turbine generator shaft, mirror plate, thrust head, etc.