Introduction to Grinding Precision Machining Methods

Grinding precision machining method:

Grinding is an abrasive precision machining method that uses a grind tool and abrasive to grind off a very thin layer of metal from the surface of the workpiece on the basis of fine machining. The dimensional tolerance level can reach IT5～IT3, and the Ra value can reach 0.1～0.008μm.

1. Types of grinding:

①Wet lapping coats or continuously injects the liquid abrasive on the surface of the grinding tool, so that the abrasive (W14～W5) continuously slides and rolls between the workpiece and the grinding tool, thereby realizing the cutting of the workpiece. There are many wet research applications.

②Dry grinding will evenly press and embed the abrasive (W3.5～W0.5) on the surface of the grind tool, and apply a small amount of lubricant on the surface of the grind tool during grinding. Dry research is mostly used for fine research.

③The abrasive used in semi-dry grinding is paste-like grinding paste, which can be used for coarse and fine grinding.

2. Grinding principle:

①Micronity: It can cut the workpiece from 0.01 to 0.1μm. (Guide: Introduction to the operating rules of gear stamping machine tools)

②Random: The workpiece and the grind are in random contact, the high points are trimmed each other, the error is gradually reduced, and the accuracy is improved at the same time.

③Pertinence: It can detect the workpiece, change the grinding position and control the grinding time in a targeted manner, so as to ensure the accuracy of size and shape.

3. Grinding tool materials and abrasives:

1) Grinding tool material cast iron: grinding hardened and unhardened steel and cast iron parts. Brass: Grinds various soft metals.

2) Abrasives ① Abrasives: alumina, silicon carbide, iron oxide, cerium oxide, etc. ②Grinding fluid: engine oil, kerosene, animal oil, oleic acid, stearic acid

4. Grinding method: Description of grinding plane: Grinding plane is generally performed after fine grinding. When manually grinding the plane, the abrasive is coated on the grinding plate (grinding tool), and the workpiece is held in a linear reciprocating motion or 8-shaped motion. After grinding for a certain period of time, turn the workpiece 90°～180° to prevent the workpiece from tilting. For the small planes, square holes, narrow slits and other surfaces on the workpiece to be grind, you can also hold the grinding tool for grinding. The flat surfaces on simple parts with larger batches can also be ground on a flat surface grinder. Grinding plane grinding groove

5. Grinding process characteristics and applications:

①The equipment is simple and the precision is not high.

②Reliable processing quality. High accuracy and low Ra value can be obtained. However, it is generally impossible to improve the position accuracy between the machined surface and other surfaces.

③It can process all kinds of steel, hardened steel, cast iron, copper-aluminum and its alloys, cemented carbide, ceramics, glass and some plastic products, etc.

④ Grinding is widely used in single-piece and small-batch production to process various high-precision profiles, and can be used in mass production.

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