Introduction to several classifications of CNC tools and analysis of selection skills

Tools can be divided into five categories according to the form of the workpiece surface:

Tools for processing various external surfaces, including turning tools, planers, milling cutters, external surface broaches and files, etc.; hole processing tools, including drills, reamers, boring cutters, reamers and internal surface broaches, etc. ; Thread processing tools, including taps, dies, automatic opening and closing thread cutting heads, thread turning tools and thread milling cutters, etc.; gear processing tools, including hobs, gear shaping cutters, gear shaving cutters, bevel gear processing tools, etc.; cutting tools , Including toothed circular saw blades, band saws, bow saws, cut-off turning tools and saw blade milling cutters, etc. In addition, there are combined tools.

According to the cutting motion mode and the corresponding blade shape, the tools can be divided into three categories: (Guide: Analysis of the reasons for the waste in the processing of stamping parts) General tools, such as turning tools, planing tools, milling tools (not including shaped turning tools , Forming planer and forming milling cutter), boring cutters, drills, reaming drills, reamers and saws, etc.; forming tools, the cutting edge of this type of tool has the same or nearly the same shape as the section of the workpiece to be processed, such as forming turning tools, Forming planing cutters, forming milling cutters, broaching cutters, conical reamers and various thread processing tools, etc.; generating tools are used to process the tooth surface of gears or similar workpieces by the generating method, such as hobs, gear shaping cutters, gear shaving cutters , Bevel gear planer and bevel gear milling cutter.

The selection of the tool is carried out under the man-machine interaction state of CNC programming. The correct selection of tools and tool holders should be based on the processing capacity of the machine tool, the properties of the workpiece material, the processing procedure, the cutting amount and other related factors. The general principle of tool selection is: easy installation and adjustment, good rigidity, high durability and precision. On the premise of meeting the processing requirements, try to choose a shorter tool holder to improve the rigidity of tool processing. When selecting a tool, the size of the tool must be adapted to the surface size of the workpiece to be processed.

In production, the peripheral contours of plane parts are often processed by end mills; when milling planes, carbide blade milling cutters should be selected; when processing bosses and grooves, high-speed steel end mills should be selected; processing the surface of the blank Or rough machining the hole, you can choose the corn milling cutter with carbide inserts; for the processing of some three-dimensional profiles and variable bevel contour shapes, often use ball-end milling cutters, ring milling cutters, tapered milling cutters and disc-shaped milling cutters. Milling cutter.

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