Process principle and process characteristics of metal stamping parts

Stamping is a forming method that relies on presses and molds to apply external force to plates, strips, pipes and profiles to cause plastic deformation or separation, so as to obtain workpieces (stampings) of the required shape and size. Stamping and forging are both plastic processing (or pressure processing), collectively known as forging. The blanks to be stamped are mainly hot-rolled and cold-rolled steel plates and strips. Stamping is mainly classified by process, which can be divided into two categories: separation process and forming process. Stamping principle and characteristics 1. The basic principle of cold stamping. Metal or non-metal deforms under the action of external force. When the external force exceeds the yield limit of the material, plastic deformation begins. If the pressure is increased again and the ultimate strength of the material is exceeded, the metal or non-metal will begin to break and separate. Cold stamping is to use the properties of metal to separate or deform the material at room temperature to obtain the required shape and precision parts. 2. Advantages of cold stamping 1) Under the impact of the punch, parts with complex shapes can be obtained. 2) After processing, the parts have high precision, stable dimensions and good interchangeability. 3) Under the condition of little material loss, parts with light weight, good strength, good rigidity, smooth and beautiful appearance can be obtained. 4) The material utilization rate is as high as 75%~85%. 5) Most of the materials used are sheets or coils, which are easier to use mechanized and automated equipment. The high-speed punch press reaches hundreds of pieces per minute. 6) Easy operation and low labor intensity. 7) Under mass production conditions, the cost of parts is low. 3. The disadvantage of cold stamping is that it has high requirements for molds and complex mold manufacturing, which is not suitable for small batch production. The economics of stamping processing are the main measures to reduce manufacturing costs: 1) Improve the rationalization level of the process. 2) Design a mold for processing each workpiece at the same time. 3) Improve the automation and high-speed level of the stamping process and reduce costs. 4) Take the method of improving the utilization rate of materials to reduce the cost. 5) Improve the level of mold design, reduce procedures, and increase mold life. According to the overall deformation properties of the material, the stamping process is divided into two categories and five basic deformation methods. 1 Separation process Under the action of external force, the stress of the deformed part exceeds the strength limit of the material and the sheet material breaks and separates. 2 Plastic deformation process Under the action of external force, the stress of the deformed part of the sheet metal exceeds the yield limit of the material, but does not reach the strength limit, only a plastic deformation surface is generated to obtain a certain shape and size. The five deformations of the stamping process: 1. Cutting and punching are not closed or closed to separate one part of the material from another. This type of method includes blanking, punching, trimming, cutting, cutting, incision and so on. 2Bending turns the flat sheet into a curved piece, and further changes the shape of the curved piece. The cylinder is bent, crimped and twisted. 3 Calendering punches a flat blank into a hollow part of the required shape, or further changes the size of the hollow part. 4 Forming uses various types of local deformation to change the shape of the part or blank. Forming deformation includes undulating forming, flanging, necking, bulging, rounding, and shaping. 5 Three-dimensional pressing redistributes the volume and transfers the material to change the shape or height of the blank. In order to increase productivity in the stamping process, several basic deformation processes can be combined to form a new process, which is called a composite process. Related news: The characteristics of the main materials of stamping parts, the handling of common problems of stamping parts, the characteristics of scaffolding stamping parts and the importance of inspections